What is split horizon in relation to RIP?

In the context of the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), split horizon is a technique used to prevent routing loops, which are problematic in distance-vector routing protocols. When a router learns about a route from one of its neighbors, split horizon prohibits the router from sending that same route information back to the neighbor from which it was learned. This mechanism helps to ensure that incorrect routing information does not circulate indefinitely, which can lead to loops and ultimately degrade network performance.

By implementing split horizon, each router can build a more accurate topology and routing table, reducing the chances of routing information becoming stale or causing the network to become unstable. This method is crucial for maintaining efficient and reliable routing within a network that employs RIP, contributing to overall stability and efficiency.

The other options describe different aspects of routing behavior or features that do not directly pertain to the concept of split horizon. For example, sending learned routes to all adjacent routers would lead to potential routing loops rather than preventing them. The simultaneous use of multiple routing protocols is a separate topic altogether, and enhancing bandwidth through reduced updates refers more to overall optimization strategies rather than the specific mechanism of split horizon.